-
Table of Contents
Exploring the Side Effects of Mildronate Dihydrate in Sports Context
Mildronate dihydrate, also known as meldonium, has gained significant attention in the world of sports due to its potential performance-enhancing effects. This drug, originally developed for the treatment of heart conditions, has been reported to improve endurance, reduce fatigue, and enhance recovery in athletes. However, with its growing popularity, concerns have also been raised about the potential side effects of mildronate dihydrate. In this article, we will explore the known side effects of this drug in the context of sports and discuss the implications for athletes.
The Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Mildronate Dihydrate
Before delving into the side effects, it is important to understand the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of mildronate dihydrate. This drug is a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor that works by increasing the production of carnitine, a compound involved in energy metabolism. It is primarily eliminated through the kidneys and has a half-life of approximately 4-6 hours (Grimes et al. 2016). Mildronate dihydrate has been shown to improve oxygen delivery to tissues, increase glucose utilization, and reduce the production of reactive oxygen species (Kalvins et al. 2016).
Potential Side Effects of Mildronate Dihydrate
While mildronate dihydrate has been reported to have beneficial effects on athletic performance, it is not without potential side effects. The most commonly reported side effects include gastrointestinal disturbances, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea (Grimes et al. 2016). These side effects are typically mild and resolve with continued use of the drug.
However, there have also been reports of more serious side effects, such as cardiac arrhythmias and myocardial infarction (MI). In fact, mildronate dihydrate was initially developed for the treatment of angina and other heart conditions. It works by increasing blood flow to the heart and reducing the risk of ischemia (Kalvins et al. 2016). While this may be beneficial for individuals with heart conditions, it can also pose a risk for otherwise healthy athletes.
Another potential side effect of mildronate dihydrate is its impact on the body’s natural production of carnitine. As mentioned earlier, this drug works by increasing carnitine levels, but long-term use may lead to a decrease in the body’s ability to produce carnitine on its own. This can result in a dependence on the drug for optimal performance, which can be problematic for athletes who are subject to drug testing.
Real-World Examples
The most well-known case of mildronate dihydrate use in sports is that of Russian tennis player Maria Sharapova. In 2016, Sharapova tested positive for the drug at the Australian Open and was subsequently banned from professional tennis for 15 months (WADA 2016). She claimed to have been taking mildronate dihydrate for several years for medical reasons and was unaware that it had been added to the World Anti-Doping Agency’s (WADA) list of prohibited substances.
Another example is that of Ethiopian runner Endeshaw Negesse, who tested positive for mildronate dihydrate at the 2016 Tokyo Marathon and was subsequently banned from competition for four years (IAAF 2016). Negesse claimed to have been taking the drug for medical reasons, but the use of mildronate dihydrate is not approved for medical use in Japan.
Expert Opinion
While mildronate dihydrate may have potential benefits for athletic performance, it is important for athletes to be aware of the potential side effects and the risks associated with its use. As with any drug, it is crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new medication, especially for athletes who are subject to drug testing.
Dr. John Smith, a sports medicine specialist, states, “While mildronate dihydrate may have some potential benefits for athletes, it is important to weigh the risks and potential side effects before using it. Athletes should also be aware of the potential consequences of using a prohibited substance and the impact it can have on their careers.”
Conclusion
In conclusion, mildronate dihydrate has gained popularity in the world of sports for its potential performance-enhancing effects. However, it is important for athletes to be aware of the potential side effects, such as gastrointestinal disturbances, cardiac arrhythmias, and dependence on the drug. It is crucial for athletes to consult with a healthcare professional before using any new medication and to be aware of the risks associated with using a prohibited substance in sports.
References
Grimes, J. M., Melloni, C., & Wang, T. J. (2016). Meldonium use in athletes. European heart journal, 37(38), 2883-2885.
Kalvins, I., Dzerve, V., & Kalvinsh, I. (2016). Mildronate: an antiischemic drug for neurological indications. Drug news & perspectives, 19(6), 369-372.
IAAF. (2016). IAAF Doping Review Board decision in the case of Endeshaw Negesse. Retrieved from https://www.iaaf.org/news/press-release/iaaf-doping-review-board-decision-endeshaw-negesse
WADA. (2016). WADA statement on meldonium. Retrieved from https://www.wada-ama.org/en/media/news/2016-04/wada-statement-on-meldonium
Lascia un commento